对于大多数承包商,最大的风险管理问题之一就是获得报酬。在当今的经济时期,许多贷方被迫取消向项目所有者或开发商捐款的贷款。发生这种情况时,如果贷方的索赔消除了承包商的留置权,则可以将承包商放在袋中。最大程度地减少通过承认贷方何时通过所有者/开发商要求总承包商通过签署文件同意或从属承包商权利的机会。

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When a private owner borrows money for a project, there is likely a deed of trust furnished to secure the loan on the project’s property. A deed of trust is a written pledge of real property given by the mortgagor to secure a debt and operates in much the same way as a mechanic’s lien. Lenders try to protect their investments by, among other things, requiring the prime contractor’s consent to secure priority over mechanic’s lien claims from the contractor and its subcontractors and by asking for approval rights in connection with changes to the prime contract. Contractors should know that they can—and should—try to negotiate the best possible terms when faced with such requests.

Lenders usually require that the deed of trust be recorded in the real property records before commencing work because lenders insist on priority over subsequent recorded liens. If a prime contractor has properly perfected a mechanic’s lien claim, the effective date for priority purposes is deemed the date construction commences or materials are first delivered to the site. The contractor’s lien claim “relates back’’ to this date.

Because priority usually involves a concept known as “first in time,’’ if the project lender decides to foreclose on a deed of trust that was recorded before work began, the lender will generally have priority over the contractor’s mechanic’s lien claim. There is an exception to this in Texas. Texas courts have recognized that a contractor’s mechanic’s lien claim against “removables” will survive a deed of trust foreclosure action. A removable is an improvement that can be removed from a structure without material injury to the land, preexisting structures or improvements to be removed from the structure.

承包商可以起诉,即使信托契据优先考虑,承包商也因其机械师的留置权索赔。法院根据案件的事实裁定可移动的内容。过去,法院得出的结论是,空调和供暖单位和地毯(除其他物品)构成了承包商可以取消抵押品的拆卸物。

尽管贷方通常需要在工作开始之前提起信托契据,但他们经常要求借款人或项目所有者从总理承包商获得同意,将其项目的利益从属于贷方的利益。此类文件可能标题为“承包商的转让”或“从属协议”。如果所有者/借款人在贷款上违约并获得承包商机械师的留置权,则贷方要求这些文件获得授予所有者鞋的权力。贷方还可以使用此类文件来要求承包商放弃其留置权免受拆卸的权利。

当要求签署要求Prime以在所有分包合同和材料购买合同中包括类似同意和从属语言的同意书时,承包商应小心。通常,分包合同已经被处决,如果您不能协商此要求,则不应将其责任不接受,而不应将其传递给分包商。

这些文件的另一种用途涉及贷方在工作开始之前未提起的信托契据的优先级。如果项目所有者在下班开始后借钱完成项目,这可能会发生这种情况。承包商应该知道,没有法律义务签署此类同意文件。如果所有者需要贷款开始项目,则承包商可能必须在同意签署之前决定其想要的工作有多糟糕。如果所有者在项目开始后寻求同意,则承包商处于更强的议价地位。在任何一种情况下,始终寻求律师的帮助。