在亚利桑那州立大学的亚利桑那州坦佩（Tempe），麦卡锡（McCarthy）建筑公司Cos。正在建造生物设计学院C，这是一个容纳世界上第一个紧凑型X射线激光器的设施。新设备将X射线激光器的尺寸和成本从1英里长，10亿美元的机制到桌面大小的2500万美元的设备，从而使技术更具成本效益，并且科学家可以访问。

建造将容纳新激光器的建筑物涉及复杂的混凝土工作，需要高达6英尺厚的平板基础，以减少振动并防止地下室中低磁化硬化钢筋污染。在外面，承包商竖立了白色混凝土柱，提供了侧向支撑系统和优雅的美感。

McCarthy topped out the 188,000-sq-ft, five-story building in June and expects to reach substantial completion in spring 2018. Construction began in fall 2016.

规划，设计和建设是结构工程师高级结构工程-KPFF，麦卡锡，所有者亚利桑那州立大学和设计公司ZGF Architects之间的合作努力。尽管地下室中低磁化和振动需求的整合成为了该项目的支点，但原始计划要求将潮湿和干燥的实验室混合在一起，如果研究需要的话，这些计划现在都是潜在的湿实验室。

The basement was the only logical location to add the X-ray laser to the facility, says Tim Sepper, partner at Advanced Structural Engineering-KPFF. Designers also modified plans for the upper floors to include both wet and dry facilities.

It was the first of many changes that will likely continue even after completion due to the nature of modern research facilities.

亚利桑那州立大学项目经理莫妮卡·佩林（Monica Perrin）说：“我们今天仍在努力改变这些要求，以满足建筑物的最终目标。”

额外的范围和工作以原始的，雷斯前的成本估算值约为1.2亿美元，而没有延长时间表。ASU副副总裁设施管理与开发公司布鲁斯·詹森（Bruce Jensen）表示，由于麦卡锡领导的项目团队的专业知识，这一壮举得以实现。

詹森说：“没有整个团队，我们就无法做到。”

Vibration, Magnetization

McCarthy Building Cos助理项目经理Carlos Diaz说，承包商建造了振动标准的高层振动标准 - 每秒2,000个微英寸的符合条件，地下室激光面积为每秒125个微英寸的标准E。

“That is several orders of magnitude more stringent,” Sepper says.

The facility is less than 200 ft from a light rail station, which increased the importance of mitigating vibration impacts, says Bryan Kuster, project manager, McCarthy. Testing for ambient vibration and magnetization began as excavation progressed.

Meanwhile, construction and design teams determined the two laser lab rooms in the basement of about 15,000 sq ft would need an isolated 4- to 6-ft mat slab with 4-ft-thick concrete walls, says Sepper. He adds that the columns of the upper floors would also use the laser vaults for support.

Diaz says testing during “bare earth” excavation in September 2016 found an average magnetic flux of about 0.4 gauss, a level common at ground elevations. That would be the target level for post-construction magnetization levels. To help maintain budget limits, McCarthy opted for standard rebar in lieu of non-magnetic stainless steel rebar, reducing costs by $1 million. The firm then analyzed each piece of rebar before it was used to reinforce the vault rooms.

迪亚兹说，尽管最初的计划是为每件作品进行辩解，但该团队发现，在现场其他区域的30至100高斯的读数更简单。在用作保险库中的加固之前，将钢筋的钢筋卷曲不到30个高斯。抽气是通过围绕带有电流的金属碎片收集的一块或集合来中和磁场的行为。

The placement of the isolated 4- to 6-ft-thick mat slab was researched with assistance from consultant Kim Bashum, says Diaz. McCarthy created a 1-yd test block of concrete and embedded four sensors—two deep inside and two nearer to the edges—to measure temperature as the concrete cured. The goal was to keep the interior under about 160 degrees with less than a 30-degree variance on the outside.

The concrete mix was about 40% fly ash. With the interior reaching temperatures of about 125 degrees in the test slab, Diaz says the team decided to control exterior wall and slab temperatures by using thermal blankets. Temperature sensors were also embedded into the vault walls, and slab blankets were kept in place for 21 days, he says.

迪亚兹说：“没有裂缝。”

为了在使用激光时进行保护，麦卡锡目前正在安装八层1英寸厚的不锈钢面板和拱顶室内4英寸的铅。

白色混凝土持久性

该团队说，尽管对激光保险库的孤立的MAT板的规划很复杂，但在为该设施的西区创建白色混凝土柱方面几乎是匹配的。大约28英尺高的圆柱的规格要求它们具有颜色，光滑且尖锐的角度。

The McCarthy team went through 18 mock-ups before determining the final process, Diaz says. Adding to the difficulty was the fact that eight of the columns slope at a 77-degree angle.

Controlling the ready mix and using Chudo plywood in the formwork proved vital to the final process and erection of the columns, Diaz says, adding, “It became a very detailed process.”

He says the concrete needed to move as quickly as possible from plant to site with a maximum time of 20 minutes from mix to placement. Consequently, the contractor scheduled all placements for 10 a.m. to limit the time trucks spent waiting in rush-hour traffic. Plasticizers were also added once trucks reached the site to maintain flowability.

迪亚兹说：“白色水泥很好，迅速发射了。”

同样，施加的压力使团队仅在需要更换Chudo胶合板之前倒出两次倒入。迪亚兹说，通常，在需要更换之前，可以在模板上使用数十次胶合板。

ZGF合作伙伴建筑师泰德·海曼（Ted Hyman）表示，这些列帮助满足了振动要求。

海曼说：“通常，具有高振动标准的实验室将表明需要重型混凝土剪切墙。”“取而代之的是，通过倾斜垂直柱，开发了一个侧向支撑系统，以代替剪切墙，从而创建了一种本质上实用但优雅的解决方案。”

白金生物设计

模型不仅是为厚实的MAT平板和混凝土柱创建的，而且还为外观使用了新的系统。此外，信封是满足LEED要求的计划的主要要素；该建筑物有望获得铂金的名称。

The exterior is a copper screen held 2 ft off the primary building envelope. The screen features a blend of perforated panels that mitigate solar heat gain on the overall facade.

屏幕可以通过一系列倾斜的褶皱允许内部空间的日光照明，还可以使居住者毫无访问的视图。

“These and other design elements are intended to be subtle architectural echoes of the creative, collaborative and groundbreaking research that will take place within the building,” Hyman says.