建筑公司的关税18luck.cub费用正在增加，新年没有太大的救济迹象。根据美国财政部和美国人口普查局的数据，10月的关税收款总额超过50亿美元。自5月以来，由于对越来越多的国家征收关税，因此支付的金额增加了一倍，并且在征收新税之前开始的项目的豁免已过期。18luck官网

在八月至10月之间，关税上涨了30％，十月是第一个整个月，对价值2500亿美元进口的罚款。

90天的美国和中国之间的停火开始德c. 1, with the U.S. delaying a planned Jan. 1 tariff hike until March 2 and, according to Reuters, China rolling back its tariff on U.S.-built vehicles to the 15% global rate put in place in May. But there’s still no deal between the world’s two largest trading partners, and existing tariffs remain in place. Also, the Trump Administration named as lead China negotiator U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer, who is seen by the markets as a trade hardliner. A trade pact is anything but assured, observers say.

“The choice of Robert Lighthizer to be the negotiator is a signal that Trump isn’t going to budge,” says Ken Simonson, chief economist of the Associated General Contractors of America. “It’s normal that the U.S. trade representative would be the person to conduct this negotiation, but I think some people may have assumed that maybe there would be a more moderate or mixed panel to do it.”

所有承包商都为钢铁付出了更多的费用，但是确切地取决于个人买家。The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ producer price index for steel mill products—which covers construction, automotive and other steel-use manufacture—is up 18% from October 2017 to October 2018. With the exemptions expiring for projects that began the procurement process before the original steel tariffs were imposed in March, Simonson says that number is likely to go up in 2019.

Since tariffs are only on milled steel, fabricated steel products are not facing a penalty, and fabricators in other countries are taking advantage. The American Institute of Steel Construction says that fabricated steel imports from Mexico increased by 40% this year, and the imports from Canada are up 20%.

AISC政府关系主管Brian Raff表示，在新的2500亿美元的中国关税中，没有制造的结构性钢铁产品。即便如此，代表美国钢铁制造商的协会预计很快就不会在中国交易中关闭。拉夫说：“政府中没有任何公众迹象表明这些（关税）将要去何时何地。”

即使美国，墨西哥和加拿大达成了一项新的贸易协议，但对铣削产品和铝的关税仍在那些邻国。尽管成本增加了，但是承包商仍在享受对其服务的强劲18luck.cub需求。

“我们的指数,我们内部做成衣的匹配ty closely with what ENR has done,” says Trent Wachsnicht, senior vice president and group estimating manager at JE Dunn Construction. “We’re seeing overall costs that have grown in that 5% range for the year, and we think that’s pretty close to what you’d expect, as hot as the market is.” He adds, “I don’t think it’s been anything out of the unexpected range. We’ll see marginal increases but nothing major. I think people have calmed down and learned how to navigate around this, at least the original steel and aluminum tariffs.” But Wachsnicht cautions that “Chinese tariffs are still something in flux.”

Wachsnicht said that JE Dunn has relied on its multisource procurement and supply-chain management process to mitigate increased costs, and firm managers don’t envision any more tariffs on Chinese products having as big an impact as Section 201 (of the 1974 Trade Act) tariffs on aluminum and steel.

推动价格

从2017年10月到2018年10月，所有建筑投入的生产商价格指数（从材料到柴油燃料的所有索引）上涨了6.6％。员工在同一时期增长了3.9％。新非住宅建筑的生产商价格指数是一项调查，其中BLS每个月都会询问相同的承包商问题，例如他们将收取的费用，以建立某些规格的某种类型的建筑物。该指数从2017年10月到2018年10月增长了5％。

Simonson说：“基本上，承包商似乎正在将价格提前提高到其人工成本之前，但他们并没有跟上材料和服务的投入成本。”18luck.cub“因此，他们需要实现一些生产力的节省，否则他们将在购买这些商品和服务时会挤压利润。”

许多承包商已经用钢代替了可以节省成本的混凝土，例如使用钢筋混凝土桩代替钢桩。18luck.cub混凝土桩中有钢筋，但远低于钢桩。其他人则采用了修订的排除程序，使他们可以通过美国商务部申请免税。对于某个地区，钢铁产品过于昂贵或不可用的钢铁产品。

With switching to concrete not an option for specialty steel contractors, U.S. Metal Partners International, an Aurora, Ill., rebar fabricator and detailer, says it has seen its prices increase by more than $3 million since May. The firm still awaits the outcome of its exclusion request.

在供应方面，由于关税，美国钢铁和铝制制造商正在记录其多年来的最高利润。总部位于印第安纳州韦恩堡的钢铁动力学在11月下旬表示，它将建造17亿美元的平板钢厂，并在西南部某处设有电动弧炉。

该项目将至少直到2020年才开始施工，但是该公司在9月的第三季度文件中报告了创纪录的5.31亿美元的营业收入，并促使该工厂雇用600名工人，并在那里创建建筑，汽车和制造产品。

关税正在降低进口。Based on the U.S. Commerce Dept.’s most recent steel import monitoring and analysis data from the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), for the first 10 months of 2018, total steel imports fell 10%, to about 32 million net tons, and finished steel fell 13.3%, to 24 million net tons, from their 2017 levels. Shipments from U.S. steel mills through October were 79.64 million net tons, a 4.6% increase compared to 76.13 million net tons through the first 10 months of 2017.

美国钢铁倡导集团AISI赞扬了美国 - 墨西哥贸易协定的政府，尽管这三个国家的立法机构仍必须批准该协议，尽管该协议仍然对两个邻国的进口征收关税。