The post-tensioned slabs of One Hundred, a 36-story building under construction in St. Louis, were a handful for contractor Clayco, thanks to setbacks and irregular jagged slab edges that create a sawtooth footprint with no two floor plates alike.

两层地板和外围柱的几何形状都需要精确定位。克莱科技术集成经理Faith Feng说：“在我们的工作人员制作了混凝土的模具后，他们会扫描和处理数据。”“然后，我们用点云将模型覆盖，以便我们可以进入嵌入式，查看当前安装墙壁的位置。我们将真正详细介绍。”

克莱科has completed 19 stories of the 517,246-sq-ft tower to date and expects to finish the $130-million project by next summer. It will stand 385 ft.

One Hundred, named for its address at 100 Kingshighway, has seven residential tiers above a five-floor podium with one nearly 1,500-sq-ft basement. The tiers have floors that are as much as 205 ft by 145 ft in plan. Each four- or five-story tier sets back 6 ft from the tier below it. Each has rectangular floor plates with sawtooth edges, creating an elongated star, in plan.

在每一层,楼层增加面积约20% from bottom to top, or 6% per floor, creating a form that splays outward and upward. The setbacks produce terraces for 79 of the 316 apartments and corner windows that overlook Forest Park, downtown and the Gateway Arch for all of the residences.

该塔由Studio Gang设计，计划是中西部中部最高的建筑。锯齿状的边缘既让人联想起，又与帮派的第一座高层建筑，芝加哥的82层水上的水上形成了鲜明的对比，芝加哥的82层高的水是起伏的波动式地板板边缘，形成了露台。水上露台的边缘因地板而异。

MAC Properties是一百个Silliman Group的开发人员。

“The reason for the tiers is that the client wanted 25% of the units to have an outdoor terrace,” says Juliane Wolf, a Studio Gang design principal. “We decided to do that by essentially breaking it into four [or five] floor chunks and then tilting back the glass at every fourth [or fifth] floor.” A quarter of the units have terraces that cantilever 3 ft to 6 ft from perimeter columns.

One Hundred is a reinforced concrete building with 6,000-psi post-tensioned floor slabs.

Column and Floor Geometry

扁平的外围柱充当内部单元的墙壁。对于每个层，将10,000-PSI柱从露台边缘恢复，以形成一个结构网格，每25英尺至30英尺，柱具有柱子。

“Our columns are smaller at the base and then wider as they go up. We call them ‘wallumns’ because they are more like walls than columns,” says April Austin, Clayco’s project manager.

在某些地点，一百个结构工程师，西雅图的马格森·克莱米森·克莱米奇（MAGA Klemencic Associates）（MKA）将扁平的柱子放回地板板中，以容纳板块的锯齿状边缘。在计划中，每个楼层轮廓上的扁平柱扁平板扁平板尺寸是锯齿状的。从一层到下一步的圆柱，部分置于下面的列。

MKA高级校长戴维·菲尔兹（David Fields）说，这些专栏围绕着建筑物绕着建筑物游行。“这是非常专门用于控制悬臂距离的。”

The columns vary in size. Some are 4 ft wide and others are more than 11 ft wide, and most of them do not completely align from floor to floor as they zig-zag down to bedrock.

Under the east half of the tower is a driveway for circulation on parking level three. Almost all of the east side tower columns had to be interrupted to accommodate it. On level seven, there are seven tower columns that come together with transfer beams that take the load from those flattened perimeter columns, then transfer it out to a simpler rectilinear column that extends to the foundation.

one-floor-per-week周期,人员从Clayco place each unique floor slab, then laser scan and match the geometry to a ¼-in. tolerance. Autodesk Recap point clouds and laser scans are created from Clayco’s scanning tools, which include drones. Scans and point clouds are overlaid onto the Revit construction model and each embed, terrace width, slab edge and penetration is matched.

To stay on schedule, crews must cast and verify the floors within the week.

Each floor slab’s unique geometry means that if a floor slab in not placed correctly, the curtain wall won’t fit. Penetrations and embeds are also matched using GPS coordinated from Trimble positioning devices.

The concrete structure sets back at every tier from bottom to top. Christian Luchun, Clayco’s virtual design and construction project manager, says the One Hundred’s tower will narrow 6% from floor six to the top floor. The six-floor podium widens to house retail, the lobby and the parking space.

“它大约有8到10英尺，”卢尚说。他说，该层的甲板从20,000到12,000平方英尺不等。

冯说，每个层的内向倾斜角度也略有不同。冯制作了CAD文件和商店图纸，并提供了地板板的详细信息，包括七个地板。一旦Clayco确认正确的位置，工作人员就进行了扫描。

两层地板和外围柱的几何形状都需要精确定位。“After our crews make the mold for the concrete, they scan and process the data,” Feng says. “We then overlay the model with the point cloud so that we can go in and see the embeds, see where a wall is currently installed. We’ll go really into detail.”

克莱科is self-performing the concrete work, as is typical. To place slabs for each floor, concrete trucks line up in Forest Park and drive into an onsite thoroughfare to pump concrete two trucks at a time into a high-pressure hose system that runs the length of the structure. The system then pumps the concrete up to the active work deck. Each of the 19 floor slabs placed to date have been installed using this method.

“We are using a [concrete] mix that achieves minimum concrete strengths so that the post-tensioned tendons can be stressed the day after the pour. This allows our forming system to be released and moved up to the next floor quickly,” says Erick Todd, Clayco’s senior project manager.

The curtain wall follows three floors below the active floor. The custom skin from Ventana is delivered to the site from a local Clayco warehouse just in time for installation.

No Underground Parking

船员在2018年2月在一百个地面上破土动工。克莱科（Clayco）在挖掘凯森（Caissons）时发现，石灰石对于计划中的六层楼高和两层地面停车场而过于密集。

The two parking sublevels were value engineered out of the project and Studio Gang revised the parking layout to allow for more efficient use of the six above-ground podium decks.

当工作室帮派使用串联停车摊位以适合一到六个地板的要求时，两个停车位是价值设计时，不需要对住宅单元进行更改。建筑物地下层中的所有内容都是机械室和存储区域。

沃尔夫说：“这对建筑物的整体设计没有任何影响。”

The core’s foundation extends 15 ft below grade and rests on six 9-ft-dia piles from 60 ft to 88 ft deep. In some locations, the piles were drilled into more than 15 ft of solid rock.

沃尔夫（Wolf）了解与Aqua的比较，但说这一百个露台是出于不同的原因而设计的。由于建筑物位于一个紧密的城市街区以来，Aqua的观点被设计为一种便利设施，扩大了空间。

For One Hundred, “We were interested in giving great interior spatial qualities to all of those units, which resulted in the leaf-like shapes,” she says.

Wolf also said Studio Gang’s use of a tiered structure was similarly motivated so that it gave apartment owners more space in addition to views.

“We decided to [break the building into tiers] and then tilt back the glass at every fourth [or fifth] floor so 25% of the units could have a terrace,” she says. The flattened perimeter columns also serve as walls for the interior units simply because of the way they are arranged.

“如果您从非结构性的碎片上剥离，只是看着这些圆柱图案围绕它围绕它的柱子，它们会表达建筑物的形状和深度，这是该建筑物的形状和深度，” Fields说。

Luchun，Feng和Clayco虚拟设计和建筑团队的其他成员在设计过程中与Studio Gang合作。通过BIM 360继续进行现场工作和施工测序，这种设计建设的合作继续进行。