自然气管管道开发商在使用联邦杰出的领域权力的斗争中，要求国家土地为项目路线而到达美国两个上诉法院，因为建筑商和反对者在癫痫发作的权利上脱颖而出。

观察人士预计,美国最高法院可能to rule on case issues, if justices opt to do so, which could affect how lines are sited or whether they get built at all, particularly as opposition grows and more projects are questioned.

In one key case, PennEast Co., developer of a planned $1-billion, 116-mile pipeline to carry fracked gas from Pennsylvania across New Jersey, mounted a new two-pronged attack to protect its interest.

但是，该公司于11月5日失去了竞标，即让整个费城联邦上诉法院重新考虑其9月的三名法官小组裁决，即私人实体没有联邦杰出的领域权力来谴责国家财产来建造，运营和维持管道。法院拒绝这样做。

A PennEast spokeswoman did not confirm its intent to seek high court review, but says the firm remains "committed" to the project and is evaluating options. These could include rerouting through non-state lands in New Jersey, which observers say could be difficult.

The firm still has in place a request to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to counter the court’s decisions. FERC issued a certificate of public need last year that gives PennEast eminent domain power to seize land needed for the line.

The appeals court said a state has sovereign immunity over its own property, and said other courts, including the Supreme Court, have expressed doubt that the Constitution allows the U.S. to delegate to private entities an exemption from state sovereign immunity.

PennEast had argued that under the U.S. Natural Gas Act, eminent domain authority does apply to property in which states hold an interest.

关于与州土地扣押有关的这种宪法挑战，法院的先例几乎没有法院的先例。

Penneast已要求FERC发布一项命令，要求国会授权美国政府向拥有需要证书的公司扩大免疫力。

“FERC is the agency that Congress charged with administering the … Act; it is important that FERC provide its considered views,’’ said the PennEast spokeswoman.

Project Approval ‘Do-Over’?

Three New Jersey agencies disagree on the private seizure. “The company has come to FERC for a do-over,” they told the federal agency in an Oct. 22 protest filing.

PennEast would need eminent domain for 49 properties, including 91 acres of wetlands, says Jeff Tittel, Sierra Club New Jersey chapter director. The firm seeks to seize hundreds of acres of preserved state open space, he adds. Sierra Club backs a state moratorium on all fossil-fuel projects.

PennEast’s petition for an appellate court rehearing was based on the firm’s contention that the earlier decision against condemnation actions by FERC certificate holders, under the natural gas act, “upends 70 years of well-established practice and threatens immediate disruption of the natural gas industry.”

The law has long been understood to allow private entities to condemn rights of way, including properties in which states have an interest, PennEast said, claiming no interstate pipeline of any significant length can be built without crossing some state property, from river bottoms to private lands with state easements.

彭尼斯特说：“缺乏杰出的领域权威，单个土地所有者可以否决获得联邦批准的管道。”

美国天然气协会在支持文件中说，潜在的结果对联邦认证建立州际天然气基础设施的可靠性产生了怀疑。美国公共天然气协会表示，虽然法院推测有针对五十五世纪的工作，但这种选择不太可能，因为新泽西州似乎正在对化石燃料作出政治立场。

Glenrock Associates的能源部门分析师Paul Patterson将新利luck法律斗争视为“在不受新的[化石燃料）预测的国家中的管道的另一个重大障碍，即如果维持了新的[化石燃料]可能是一个问题。”18luck官网

法律观察家也看到了更大的高等法院审查潜力，因为哥伦比亚天然气传输项目将从宾夕法尼亚州运送到西弗吉尼亚州的天然气，现在已上诉八月的地方法院拒绝其在马里兰州的州土地上拒绝其FERC扣押权。

fercalso is in the process of reviewing landowner requests for rehearing of certificate orders, says a11月6日案例分析由K＆L大门的律师。

The court rulings and FERC actions "muddle the historical clarity of the eminent domain authority conferred upon pipeline developers through certificate orders issued by FERC," the firm attorneys say. "Pipeline developers, therefore, should increase the attention given to landowners affected by FERC jurisdictional pipelines."

反对者还通过计划的管道提出了宪法问题，这些管道将携带于美国边界以外的产品，并向国内码头出口国外的出口码头，他们声称没有受益于美国市场。

“It would not be surprising if [court]certiorari is granted, as this is a critical constitutional law matter that could have an expansive impact … for the energy industry,” says Michael W. Aceto, an attorney at Goldberg Segalla LLP.